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中国财政金融协同促内需一揽子政策扩容,中国财政金融协同促内需一揽子政策扩容_我的网站

一 |     　　中新社北京8月21日电 (记者 赵建华)中国财政部、中国人民银行、国家金融监管总局21日公布了最新的财政金融协同促内需政策：扩大贴息范围，增加经办机构，提高额度上限。　　三部门宣布，将符合条件的中小微民营企业的新发放流动资金贷款纳入中小微企业贷款贴息政策支持范围。将信用卡专项分期、消费分期、预借现金分期等新发生信用卡各类分期业务纳入个人消费贷款财政贴息政策支持范围，贴息比例为年化1个百分点。    

    Shipping containers are loaded and unloaded onto ships at the Port of Los Angeles, California, on July 9, 2025. Photo: VCG
When even major US allies and trading partners are swept into Washington's alleged China-linked transshipment network, is the US still cracking down on its so-called illegal tariff evasion, or is it raising its "small yard, high fence" higher and tighten it further by wielding its tariff stick and extending tariff controls across normal global supply chains?
The White House on Thursday released a report identifying roughly 40 economies as participants in what it calls a "Shadow Transshipment Network", alleging that Chinese goods are being routed through third countries to evade higher US tariffs. The list stretches across Asia, Europe and the Americas and includes some of Washington's closest allies and largest trading partners.
Chinese experts said the report is partly aimed at defending Washington's tariff policy by shifting responsibility for its weakened impact onto other economies, while also pressuring them to follow US trade and origin rules. In effect, the US is trying to extend its unilateral trade restrictions beyond its own borders and deeper into global supply chains, they said.
Build 'higher fence'
The 25-page report claims that US import sourcing saw a "substantial reallocation" after the 2018 tariffs, as China's direct share declined and imports from identified transshipment economies rose. It alleges that some goods were routed through lower-tariff jurisdictions, where minor processing, relabeling, repackaging, re-invoicing or paperwork changes were used to create the appearance of a new national origin. 
However, the report itself acknowledges that alleged transshipment risks in several major economies are "embedded within broad legitimate trade flows." It also admitted that the post-2018 shift in US imports "does not establish" that all displaced Chinese trade was illegally transshipped and partly reflected "legitimate changes in production, investment, and sourcing."
False declarations of origin or simple repackaging can amount to tariff circumvention, but investing overseas, building factories abroad or sourcing components across borders are legitimate forms of supply-chain adjustment, experts said.
One purpose of the report is to portray Washington's tariff policy as effective while attributing its diminished impact to the responses of other economies, Zhou Mi, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, told the Global Times. 
This allows Washington to shift responsibility onto other economies and put itself in a more favorable position in shaping the narrative around its tariff policy, Zhou said.
Cui Fan, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics, told the Global Times that US rules for determining country of origin are not fully aligned with those used by other economies. The latest move could pressure other countries to adopt US standards, but Cui said such an approach is unlikely to work.
"Countries formulate their rules of origin based on a range of factors, including the scale and technological conditions of their own industries," Cui said. "Industrial structures and the global division of labor cannot be reshaped simply through pressure from one country."
Harmonization of rules of origin - applying the same rules across countries regardless of purpose - "would facilitate the flow of international trade," according to WTO on its website. 
It has also warned that misuse of such rules may turn them into "a trade policy instrument" rather than merely a device supporting other trade policy measures, according to WTO.
Washington was pursuing hegemonic politics and unilateral bullying in the economic and trade sphere under the guise of "reciprocity", a spokesperson for China's Ministry of Commerce said when commenting on the US use of tariffs to pressure other countries into restricting economic and trade cooperation with China. 
Disrupting global supply chains

Cui said production and trade networks linking China with South Korea, Europe and other economies have taken shape over years of market-driven specialization. By lowering production and logistics costs and improving efficiency, these networks have benefited businesses and consumers across participating economies.
"The real challenge facing global trade today is not so-called illegal transshipment, but the continued damage that unilateralism and trade protectionism are inflicting on the multilateral trading system," Cui added.
Since returning to office, the Trump administration has made tariffs a centerpiece of its trade policy, rolling out sweeping "reciprocal tariffs" and other broad duties that have drawn widespread criticism at home and abroad. On Thursday, Washington announced new Section 232 tariffs on drones and their parts and components, further expanding the range of products subject to US tariffs.
US tariffs have themselves pushed companies to reconfigure supply chains. Washington is now citing those very adjustments as evidence of circumvention, effectively using the market fallout from its own tariff policy to justify further trade restrictions, Chinese experts noted.
International trade is based on mutual benefit, and sovereign countries have the legitimate right to conduct economic and trade cooperation independently, Cui said. "No country should interfere with normal global trade simply to advance its own unilateral interests."
The report broadens its scrutiny beyond routing and documentation to include China-origin inputs or components, Chinese ownership or financing, relationships with Chinese suppliers or manufacturers, China-based production steps and China-origin routing histories.
Analysts believed the latest move is more than simply making the existing "high fence" higher. By trying to bring more economies and a larger portion of global supply chains within the reach of US tariff enforcement, Washington attempted to make the "yard" itself much bigger.
Cui warned that sustained US pressure to reshape normal trade and supply-chain links could fragment mature regional production networks, and reduce the efficiency of global resource allocation, with the impact extending far beyond China-US trade given the wide range of economies named in the report.
Zhou noted that companies would be forced to redesign supply chains to manage rising policy risks, adding costs that could feed back into the US through higher inflation while creating broader frictions and instability for global trade.
。将中小微企业贷款贴息政策、服务业经营主体贷款贴息政策经办机构范围扩大至21家全国性银行和金融监管评级3A及以上的城市商业银行、农村合作金融机构、民营银行、外资银行。　　单户在单家经办机构可享受中小微企业贷款贴息的贷款规模上限由每年5000万元(人民币，下同)提高至7500万元。

二 | 单户在单家经办机构可享受服务业经营主体贷款贴息的贷款规模上限由每年1000万元提高至2000万元。

三 | 每名借款人在单家经办机构可享受的个人消费贷款和信用卡分期业务累计贴息上限由每年3000元提高至每年5000元。上述规定，自2026年8月1日起施行。

四 | 　　21日，在国新办举行的新闻发布会上，中国财政部副部长廖岷介绍，中国创新设立财政金融协同促内需的6项政策工具(下称一揽子政策)，今年中央财政专门安排了1000亿元资金，通过财政引导、金融投放、市场运作的传导链条，实现了“1+1>2”的政策效果。政策出台7个月以来，实施进展整体符合预期，政策效能逐步显现。据统计，有居民约1.13亿人次，企业大概有622万家，其中绝大多数是中小微企业，获得了政策支持。　　廖岷表示，今年1-7月，通过中小微企业贷款贴息、设备更新贷款贴息、民间投资专项担保计划、民企债券风险分担机制4项促投资的政策，服务业经营主体贷款贴息、个人消费贷款贴息2项促消费的政策，累计支持相关领域新发放信贷超20万亿元，较上年同期增长了超8800亿元。四项促投资政策累计支持民间投资约1.51万亿元。两项促消费政策累计支持居民消费约1.88万亿元。

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Published on:02:53:22